| D. Turns to headings | ||
| References | FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-15; | |
| Objective | To determine that the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with attitude instrument flying during turns to headings solely by reference to instruments | |
| Applicant demonstrates understanding of; | ||
| K1 | Flight instruments as related to: | |
| K1a | a: Sensitivity, limitations and potential errors in unusual attitudes | |
| K1b | b: correlation (pitch instruments/bank instruments) | |
| K1c | c: function and operation | |
| K1d | d: Proper instrument cross-check techniques | |
| The Applicant demonstrates the ability to identify, assess and mitigate risks encompassing: | ||
| R1 | Instrument flying hazards to include failure to maintain VFR, spatial disorientation, loss of control, fatigue, stress, and emergency off-airport landings | |
| R2 | Failure to seek assistance to declare an emergency in a deteriorating situation | |
| R3 | Collision hazards to include aircraft, terrain, obstacles and wires | |
| R4 | Distractions, loss of situational awareness, or improper task management | |
| The applicant demonstrates the ability to: | ||
| S1 | Turn to headings, maintain +/- 200 feet, maintain a standard rate turn, roll out on the assigned heading +/- 10°, and airspeed +/- 10 knots | |